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Myrsine wawraea

(Mez) Hosaka (1940)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Ericales Family: Primulaceae Genus: Myrsine

kōlea [kolea]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sprawling, few–branched shrubs or trees 1–2(–4) m tall, new growth reddish brown short–hirtellous, becoming glabrate.

Stems: Branches green or reddish brown to dark reddish brown.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, subverticillate (i.e. some internodes short, followed by 1 that is longer), those of young growth often more evenly spaced. Blades oblanceolate to elliptic–obovate or occasionally elliptic, 7–18 cm long, (2.5–)3–6 cm wide. Apex acute to obtuse, occasionally some of them rounded. Base tapering to the broadly cuneate or subtruncate base. Surfaces sparsely to moderately short–hirtellous (the hairs whitish in fresh material, becoming reddish brown in dry material); upper surfaces soon glabrate except for midrib; lower surfaces gradually becoming glabrate, midrib moderately to densely short–hirtellous; usually dark green, subcoriaceous. Margins remotely denticulate and revolute. Midrib usually dark reddish purple, lateral veins moderately conspicuous, submarginal vein present. Petioles 3–12 mm long, ± short–hirtellous. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in pedicels red, 7–10 mm long, moderately short–hirtellous. Flowers apparently unisexual (and the plants dioecious), 5–20 in bracteolate fascicles among and below the leaves. Calyx red, 4–5(6)-lobed, usually deeply so, the lobes imbricate or valvate in bud, punctate or with secretory lines, the lobes ca. 1 mm long, short–hirtellous, margins conspicuously white ciliate. Corolla 4–5(6)-lobed, the lobes nearly distinct or connate up to ½ their length, imbricate in bud, narrowly oblanceolate, 3–4.5 mm long, ± short–hirtellous, margins conspicuously ciliate. petals red. Anthers ca. 2.5 mm long, those of pistillate flowers slightly smaller and sterile, apex with a small tuft of hairs. Ovary superior, 3–5(6)-carpellate, 1-celled; ovules few in a single row, ovary reduced and sterile or absent in staminate flowers; style very short or absent, terminal; stigma capitate-angled.

Fruit: Drupes dark bluish black; ca. 8 mm in diameter. Seeds 1 per fruit; small; dark colored; subglobose; excavated at base.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Diverse mesic forest to wet forest and margins of bogs.

Elevation Range: 1,120–1,400 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 16: 36 (1940)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:946 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 4' shrub, scraggly; fruit dark purple; new leaves reddish purple, midvein reddish Flynn, T.W. 433 Kauai BISH 1983-06-02
2 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen some flowers pistillate and don't open, rest functionally pistallate, but corolla opens Herbst, D.R. 2900 Kauai BISH 1973-03-06
3 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen small tree, buds reddish outside Fosberg, F.R. 12778 Kauai BISH 1936-01-03
4 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 424 Kauai BISH 1910-03-01
5 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5956 Kauai BISH 1909-09-04
6 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1144 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
7 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baxter, R.W. 22 Kauai BISH 1939-01-01
8 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 158 Kauai BISH 1983-01-10
9 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2359 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
10 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 1535 Kauai BISH 1956-12-27
11 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 5607 Kauai BISH 1909-09-04
12 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
13 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Landgraf, L. Kauai BISH 1986-02-15
14 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1990-05-05
15 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2362 Kauai BISH 1909-03-03
16 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 562 Kauai BISH 1909-09-01
17 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17091 Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
18 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1033 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
19 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10229 Kauai BISH 1911-10-01
20 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 902 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
21 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Kauai BISH 1916-10-01
22 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros - Oreobolus bog W/ Broussaisia arguta, Cibotium spp., Sadleria cyathioides, Ilex anomala, Cheirodendron trigynum, Viola wailenalenae, Machaerina angustifolia, Coprosma elliptica, Dubautia laxa, Myrsine helleri Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1.5 meter ht. with flowers and immature fruit. Perlman, S. 24071 Kauai BISH 2014-07-29
23 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet forest Preserved_Specimen 3 m shrub; pedicles and perianth reddish, midribs and petioles reddish Fosberg, F.R. 12770 Kauai BISH 1936-01-03
24 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open, boggy Preserved_Specimen fruit purple and green; midrib purple Crosby, M.R. 2008 Kauai BISH 1964-08-12
25 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on tree trunk, rain forest Preserved_Specimen 4-5' shrub, in fruit Takeuchi, W.N. 3698 Kauai BISH 1987-10-24
26 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet ohia forest, native trees and shrubs, treeferns Preserved_Specimen 1-1.5 m x 2 cm Higashino, P.K. 9649 Kauai BISH 1981-05-13
27 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details on ohia Preserved_Specimen 3'; epiphyte Flynn, T.W. 1478 Kauai BISH 1986-01-29
28 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Wet Forest around Sincock Bog W/ Coprosma, Carex, Vaccinium calycinum, Cibotum, Melicope clusifolia, Scaevoal glabra, Clermontia fauri, Myrsine wawraea, Stegonye purpurea, Viola kauaensis var. kauaensis, Dianella, Cheirodendron, D Preserved_Specimen Small tree 4 ft tall. Leaves with Philidoria leaf mines. Possibly P. auromagnifica or a new species. Leaves above shiny light to medium green, below white green w/ purple midrib. Petiole w/ purple hairs. Flower along stem white w/purple peduncles. Tangalin, N. 3441 Kauai BISH 2013-04-02
29 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details sunny, scrub covered Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 3388 Kauai BISH 1926-06-28
30 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland wet degraded forest w/ Metrosideros, Hedyotis terminalis, Freycinetia arborea, Tetraplasandra oahuensis, Broussaisia arguta, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Cyrtandra, Broussaisia, Pipturus, and Cyanea fissa, Cyanea. Preserved_Specimen Lvs w/ hairs below, margins slightly revolute, midrib purple w/ hairs. Stiff short blades, med-green w/ purple tinge. Yellow dots in sun. Top of leaf dk green. Petiole purple, lvs bent upward. Trunk 10 ft tall. Immature frt. on woody pedicels. Frt w/ dk purple hairs, frt dk purple pea size. 1:0Q4 0448877 2430729 Tangalin, N. 2009 Kauai BISH 2009-04-06
31 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Clermontia, Trematalobelia, Viola, Smilax sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1662 Kauai BISH 1964-12-28
32 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dense wet forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub St.John, H. 23069 Kauai BISH 1947-12-25
33 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron forest 5 - 8 m tall. W/ some sections dominated by Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, & Sticherus matting ferns, mixed with Broussaisia, Myrsine spp. Leptecophylla, Smilax, Syzygium sandwicensis, Stenogyne purpurea, Preserved_Specimen tree, epiphytic in Metrosideros, 2 m tall, moderately branched, stems light brown, mature frt purple, common. Wood, K.R. 13188 Kauai BISH 2008-07-22
34 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet ohia, native trees and shrubs, treeferns Preserved_Specimen 1.8 m x 2 cm shrub Higashino, P.K. 9652 Kauai BISH 1981-05-13
35 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha, Scaevola kauaiensis, Cyrtandra, Peperomia, Ilex anomala, Pelea, Stenogyne Preserved_Specimen 6' shrub Gustafson, R. 1079 Kauai BISH 1978-11-26
36 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details cloud; Metrosideros, Pelea, Labordia, Juncus planifolius; W rim of plateau Preserved_Specimen small tree; new leaves magenta, older leaves with magenta midvein on lower surface Flynn, T.W. 3056 Kauai BISH 1988-06-18
37 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wet ohia, native trees and shrubs, tree ferns Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub; large leaves Warshauer, F.R. 3384 Kauai BISH 1981-05-12
38 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrowsidos - Cheirodendron montane wet forest with matting ferns of Dicranopteris linearis, Diptopterygium pinnatum, Sticherus owhyhensis; with Broussaisia arguta, Vaccinium calycina, Coprosma kauaense, Myrsine wawraea, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, S. procera, Kadua affinis, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Smilax melastomifolia, Preserved_Specimen tree, emergent in matting ferns, young leaves with violet tinge. Wood, K.R. 15815 Kauai BISH 2014-02-02
39 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen small tree Flynn, T.W. 464 Kauai BISH 1983-07-18
40 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen sprawling, single stemmed Flynn, T.W. 1474 Kauai BISH 1986-01-29
41 Myrsine wawraea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 2-4'; leaves purple Hobdy, R.W. 35 Kauai BISH 1968-11-21
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